Motorists have swum for their lives and residents have been rescued from homes sliding downhill as the wettest winter storm of the year triggered floods and mudslides across California.
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In Sausalito, just across the Golden Gate Bridge from San Francisco, a mudslide on Thursday carried away two homes and engulfed five cars, sending one woman to the hospital, Southern Marin Fire Department tweeted.
Dozens of homes were evacuated in the area.
In Cabazon, about 135km east of Los Angeles, two motorists swam from their vehicle and were rescued by helicopter after their car was engulfed by churning brown floodwaters, a California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection spokesman said.
"We've had multiple water rescues throughout the day, I think today our helicopter is up to about a dozen," said CalFire spokesman Richard Cordova. "We haven't seen rain like this in 10 years."
The moisture-rich tropical storm, known as an atmospheric river, has lashed Northern California with rain and snow since late Tuesday. The moisture flow, nicknamed the "Pineapple Express" for its origin near Hawaii, unleashed its full force overnight.
Power lines, trees and car-sized boulders littered roads in San Diego County and flash flood warnings were in place after regions like Palomar Mountain got nearly 25cm of rain, according to the National Weather Service (NWS).
Areas particularly at risk were those that suffered deadly wildfires in the last two years, leaving scorched hillsides devoid of vegetation and prone to collapse.
Residents in Northern California's Butte County - where the Camp fire killed 86 people and destroyed nearly 19,000 structures last year - were told to leave their homes over concerns a creek could overflow and flood communities.
Australian Associated Press